Anatomy of the Face - Flipbook - Page 32
Masseter (Musculus masseter)
ORIGIN:
ACTION:
SUPERFICIAL PART: MAXILLARY PROCESS OF ZYGOMATIC BONE,
INFERIOR BORDER OF ZYGOMATIC ARCH (ANTERIOR 2/3)
DEEP PART: DEEP/INFERIOR SURFACE OF ZYGOMATIC ARCH
(POSTERIOR 1/3)
ELEVATES AND PROTRUDES MANDIBLE
INSERTION:
LATERAL SURFACE OF RAMUS AND ANGLE OF MANDIBLE
BLOOD SUPPLY:
MASSETERIC ARTERY
INNERVATION:
MASSETERIC NERVE OF MANDIBULAR NERVE (CN V3)
LYMPHATIC DRAINAGE
DRAINS INTO MANDIBULAR, MEDIAL RETROPHARYNGEAL, AND
PAROTID LYMPH NODES
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE:
MASSETER MUSCLE IS A PAIRED, STRONG, THICK AND
TRAPEZOIDAL
MUSCLE
THAT
IS
ORIGINATING
FROM
THE ZYGOMATIC
ARCH
AND EXTENDS
DOWN
TO
THE MANDIBULAR ANGLE. IT CONSISTS OF A SUPERFICIAL AND
A DEEP PART. THE MASSETER IS ONE OF THE FOUR MUSCLES OF
THE
MASTICATORY
APPARATUS.
IT
ELEVATES
THE
MANDIBLE CAUSING A POWERFUL JAW CLOSURE. THE
CONTRACTION OF THE SUPERIOR PART, WHICH RUNS
DIAGONALLY TO THE FRONT, MOVES THE MANDIBLE FORWARD
(PROTRUSION).
FURTHERMORE,
THE
MUSCLE
HELPS STABILIZE TENSION OF THE ARTICULAR CAPSULE OF THE
TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT. THE MASSETER MUSCLES MAY
BECOME HYPERTROPHIC FROM HEREDITY OR OVERUSE IN JAW
CLENCHING OR NOCTURNAL BRUXISM. THE HYPERTROPHIC
MASSETER CAN PRODUCE A THICKENED LOWER FACE WITH
WIDE PROMINENCE FROM THE EARLOBES TO THE MANDIBULAR
ANGLE. REFERRED PAIN FROM TRIGGER POINTS IN THE VARIOUS
PARTS OF THE MASSETER MUSCLE MAY BE PROJECTED TO THE
EYEBROW, JAW, AND THE EAR
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