Anatomy of the Face - Flipbook - Page 31
Temporal Muscle (Musculus Temporalis)
ORIGIN
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
TEMPORAL FOSSA BETWEEN THE INFRATEMPORAL CREST AND
INFERIOR TEMPORAL LINE ON THE PARIETAL BONE; DEEP SURFACE
OF THE TEMPORALIS FASCIA
THE TEMPORALIS MUSCLE IS A BROAD, THIN, FAN-SHAPED
PAIRED MUSCLE SITUATED WITHIN THE TEMPORAL FOSSA OF THE
SKULL. ALONG WITH THE MEDIAL PTERYGOID, LATERAL
PTERYGOID AND MASSETER MUSCLES, IT BELONGS TO THE
GROUP OF MASTICATORY MUSCLES. THE TEMPORALIS MUSCLE
IS
THE
MOST
POWERFUL
MUSCLE
OF
THE TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT AND PRIMARY RETRACTOR
OF MANDIBLE. THE TEMPORALIS MUSCLE CAN BE DIVIDED INTO
TWO FUNCTIONAL PARTS: ANTERIOR AND POSTERIOR. THE
ANTERIOR PORTION RUNS VERTICALLY AND ITS CONTRACTION
RESULTS IN ELEVATION OF THE MANDIBLE (CLOSING THE
MOUTH). THE POSTERIOR PORTION HAS FIBERS WHICH RUN
HORIZONTALLY AND CONTRACTION OF THIS PORTION RESULTS
IN RETRUSION OF THE MANDIBLE. THE MIDDLE PORTION WHICH
FIBERS RUN IN AN OBLIQUE DIRECTION TOWARDS INFERIOR
AND ANTERIOR ARE USED FOR BOTH ELEVATION AND
RETRACTION OF THE MANDIBLE AND IN A UNILATERAL
CONTRACTION PROVOKE LATERAL MOVEMENT OF THE
MANDIBLE. THE TEMPORALIS MUSCLE IS ONE OF THE KEY
MUSCLES INVOLVED IN JAW PAIN AND HEADACHES. BRUXISM,
AND CLENCHING OF THE JAW WHILE STRESSED CAN LEAD TO
OVERWORK OF THE TEMPORALIS MUSCLE AND RESULTS IN PAIN.
INSERTION
CORONOID PROCESS AND RAMUS OF MANDIBLE
BLOOD SUPPLY
DEEP TEMPORAL ARTERIES WHICH ANASTOMOSE WITH THE MIDDLE
TEMPORAL ARTERY
INNERVATION
DEEP TEMPORAL BRANCHES (OF MANDIBULAR NERVE (CN V3)
LYMPHATIC DRAINAGE
DRAINS INTO MANDIBULAR AND PAROTID LYMPH NODES
ACTION
ANTERIOR FIBRES: ELEVATES MANDIBLE
POSTERIOR PART: RETRACTS MANDIBLE
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